What follows are ideas for language-building activities that you can practise with your child to aid her build the skills she needs to become a reader. Nearly public libraries offering free use of books, magazines, videos, computers, and other services. Other things that you might need for these activities are not expensive.
For each set of activities, we give an age span that suggests when children should attempt them. From one activity to the adjacent, we continue to talk about children at unlike stages: babies (nativity to 1 year), toddlers (1 to 3 years), preschoolers (ages 3 and 4), and kindergartner/early on first-graders (ages 5 and six). Remember that children don't e'er learn the same things at the aforementioned rate. And they don't suddenly stop doing one thing and showtime doing some other just considering they are a little older. So use the ages as guides as your child learns and grows. Don't consider them to be hard and fast rules.
Yous'll meet that your role in the activities volition change, also. Simply equally you hold upwardly your kid when he's learning to walk, yous will assistance him a lot when he's taking his first language steps. As he grows, you lot volition gradually allow go, and he will take more and more than language steps on his own. That is why in most of the activities we say, "The first activities . . . work well with younger children. Equally your child grows older, the later activities permit him do more."
As a parent, y'all can assistance your child want to larn in a way no one else can. That want to learn is a key to your child's subsequently success. Enjoyment is of import! And then, if yous and your child don't savor one activity, motility on to another. Yous can always return to any activity after.
Baby Talk
For babies from nascence to i year
Babies love hearing your voice. When you lot respond your child's sounds with sounds of your own, she learns that what she "says" has pregnant and is of import to y'all.
What to Do
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Talk to your baby often. Answer her coos, gurgles, and smiles. Talk, bear upon, and smile back. Get her to expect at y'all.
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Play simple talking and touching games with your baby. Ask, "Where's your nose?" Then bear on her nose and say playfully, "There'south your nose!" Exercise this several times, then switch to an ear or knee or tummy. End when she (or you) grows tired of the game.
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Alter the game by touching the nose or ear and repeating the discussion for it several times. Do this with objects, as well. When she hears you name something over and over once again, your child begins to connect the sound with what it ways.
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Do things that involvement your baby. Vary your tone of voice, brand funny faces, sing lullabies, and recite simple nursery rhymes. Play "peek-a-boo" and "pat-a-cake" with her.
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Books and Babies
For babies from historic period 6 weeks to 1 year
Sharing books is a fashion to take fun with your baby and to commencement him on the route to condign a reader.
What You Need
Paper-thin or cloth books with big, elementary pictures of things with which babies are familiar
Lift-the-flap, touch-and-feel, or peek-through play books (For suggestions, see Resource for Children.)
What to Do
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Read to your baby for short periods several times a twenty-four hour period. Bedtime is always a good time, but you lot can read at other times as well—while yous're in the park, on the bus, or even at the breakfast table (without the food!).
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As you read, point out things in the pictures. Name them equally you indicate to them.
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Give your infant sturdy books to expect at, bear on, and hold. Allow him to peek through the holes or elevator the flaps to discover surprises.
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Chatting with Children
For children ages 1 to 6
Proceed talking with your older kid as you did with your baby. Talking helps him to develop language skills and lets him know that what he says is important.
What to Practise
The first activities in the list beneath work well with younger children. As your kid grows older, the later activities let him practise more. Withal, keep doing the start ones as long as he enjoys them.
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Talk oft with your toddler. When feeding, bathing, and dressing him, ask him to name or find different objects or habiliment. Point out colors, sizes, and shapes.
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Talk with your kid as you read together. Indicate to pictures and proper name what is in them. When he is prepare, ask him to do the same. Ask him about his favorite parts of the story, and reply his questions most events or characters.
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Teach your toddler to be a helper by asking him to detect things. Every bit you cook, give him pots and pans or measuring spoons to play with. Ask him what he is doing and respond his questions.
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Whatever you lot exercise together, talk almost it with your kid. When you eat meals, take walks, go to the store, or visit the library, talk with him. These and other activities give the ii of you a chance to ask and reply questions such as, "Which flowers are red? Which are yellowish?" "What else do y'all see in the garden?" Challenge your child by asking questions that need more than a "yes" or "no" answer.
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Listen to your child'due south questions patiently and answer them merely every bit patiently. If you lot don't know the respond to a question, have him join you lot every bit you look for the answer in a book. He volition then see how important books are as sources of data.
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Have your child tell you lot a story. So ask him questions, explaining that you need to sympathize better.
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When he is able, ask him to help you in the kitchen. He might ready the table or decorate a batch of cookies. A first-grader may bask helping y'all follow a uncomplicated recipe. Talk nigh what you're fixing, what you're cooking with, what he likes to consume, and more.
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Ask yourself if the TV is on as well much. If and then, plough it off and talk!
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As Simple as ABC
For children ages 2 to half-dozen
Sharing the alphabet with your child helps her brainstorm to recognize the shapes of messages and to link them with the sounds of spoken language. She will soon larn the difference betwixt individual letters—what they await like and what they audio like.
What You Need
Alphabet books (run across Resources for Children)
ABC magnets
Newspaper, pencils, crayons, markers
Gum and safety scissors
What to Do
The first activities in the list below work well with younger children. As your child grows older, the later activities let her do more. Just keep doing the showtime ones as long every bit she enjoys them.
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With your toddler sitting with you, print the letters of her name on paper and say each letter as you write it. Make a proper name sign for her room or other special place. Accept her decorate the sign by pasting stickers or drawing on it.
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Teach your child "The Alphabet Vocal" and play games with her using the alphabet. Some alphabet books take songs and games that you can larn together.
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Look for educational videos, DVDs, CDs, and TV shows such every bit "Between the Lions" that feature letter-learning activities for young children. Watch such programs with your child and bring together in with her on the rhymes and songs.
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Place alphabet magnets on your refrigerator or on another polish, safety metallic surface. Inquire your child to proper name the letters she plays with and to say the words she may exist trying to spell.
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Wherever you are with your kid, bespeak out private letters in signs, billboards, posters, nutrient containers, books, and magazines. When she is three to 4 years old, ask her to begin finding and naming some letters.
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When your child is betwixt ages three and 4, encourage her to spell and write her name. For many children, their names are the first words they write. At showtime, your child may utilise just one or 2 messages for her name (for example, Emily, nicknamed Em, uses the letter M).
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Make an alphabet book with your kindergartner. Have her draw pictures (y'all tin can aid). You can also cut pictures from magazines or use photos. Paste each motion picture in the book. Assist your child to write adjacent to the motion-picture show the letter that stands for the object or person in the flick (for example, B for bird, One thousand for milk, and so on).
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What Happens Next?
For children ages 2 to vi
Books with words or actions that appear over and over assist your child to predict or tell what happens next. These are called "predictable" books. Your kid will dear to figure out the story in a predictable book!
What Yous Need
Predictable books with repeated words, phrases, questions, or rhymes (For suggested titles, see Resource for Children.)
What to Do
The start activities in the list below work well with younger children. As your child grows older, the later activities let him exercise more. Merely go along doing the get-go ones as long as he enjoys them.
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Read predictable books to your kid. Teach him to hear and say repeating words, such as names for colors, numbers, letters, and animals.
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Pick a story that has repeated phrases, such every bit this example from The Three Little Pigs:
Wolf Vocalism: Little pig, picayune pig, allow me come up in.
Fiddling Pig: Not by the hair on my chinny-chin-chin!
Wolf Voice: Then I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house in!
Your child volition learn the repeated phrase and accept fun joining in with you lot each time information technology shows up in the story. Pretty before long, he will join in before y'all tell him.
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Read books that give hints about what might happen adjacent. Such books take your kid lifting flaps, looking through cut-out holes in the pages, "reading" small pictures that stand for words (called "rebuses"), and searching for many other clues. Get excited along with your child equally he hurries to observe out what happens next.
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When reading predictable books, ask your child what he thinks volition happen. See if he points out pic clues, if he mentions specific words or phrases, or if he connects the story to something that happens in real life. These are important skills for a start reader to learn.
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A Dwelling house for My Books
For children ages ii to 6
Starting a abode library for your child shows her how important books are. Having books of her own in a special identify boosts the chance that your child will want to read even more.
What Yous Need
Books from bookstores, garage sales, flea markets, used book stores, and sales at your local library
A bookcase, a cardboard box, or other materials to brand a place for books
What to Do
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Option a special place for your child'south books so that she knows where to await for them. A cardboard box that y'all can decorate together might brand a good bookcase. Or you might clear 1 of the family bookshelves and brand a special place for her to put her books.
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Help your child to suit her books in some order—her favorite books, books near animals, vacation books. Use whatever method volition assistance her most hands find the book she's looking for.
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Borrow books from your local library. (See "Visiting the Library.") Become to the children'southward section and spend time with your kid reading and selecting books to have home and put in her special place. Yous might even accept a box or space just for library books, so that they don't go mixed upward with your child'south own books.
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Encourage family members and friends to give books to your child as presents for birthdays and other occasions.
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When yous and your child make your own books, you tin add them to your home library. (For ideas on how to make books, see "As Simple every bit ABC," and "Write On!")
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A Picture's Worth a Thousand Words
For children ages 3 to 6
Books that have no words, just cute pictures, invite yous and your child to use your imaginations to brand up your own stories to become with the pictures.
What You Demand
Wordless pic books (For suggestions, meet Resource for Children.)
One-time magazines
Rubber scissors
Construction paper
What to Do
The offset activities in the list below work well with younger children. As your kid grows older, the later activities let him do more than. But continue doing the first ones as long as he enjoys them.
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Look through the whole film book with your child. Ask him what he thinks the story is about. Tell the story together by talking about each page as each of you lot sees it.
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Ask your child to identify objects, animals, or people on each folio. Talk with him about the pictures, and inquire him if he thinks that they are like real life.
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Have your child tell another kid or family unit member a story using a wordless movie book. Doing this will make him experience like a "reader" and volition encourage him to go along learning to read.
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Have your child create his own motion-picture show book with his drawings or pictures that you help him cutting from magazines.
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Rhyme with Me: It's Fun, You'll Meet!
For children ages 3 to 6
Rhyming activities help your kid to pay attention to the sounds in words.
What You Need
Books with rhyming words, word games, or songs
What to Exercise
The beginning activities in the list below work well with younger children. As your child grows older, the later activities let her exercise more. But keep doing the get-go ones every bit long as she enjoys them.
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Play rhyming games and sing rhyming songs with your child. Many songs and games include clapping, bouncing and tossing balls, and playing in groups.
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Read rhymes to your child. As you read, cease before a rhyming word and encourage your kid to make full in the blank. When she does, praise her.
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Listen for rhymes in songs that you lot know or hear on the radio, TV, or at family or other gatherings. Sing the songs with your kid.
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Effectually the home, point to objects and say their names, for example, clock. Then enquire your child to say as many words as she tin can that rhyme with the name. Other easily rhymed words are ball, bed, rug, sink, and toy. Permit your child apply some silly, or nonsense, words as well: toy—joy, boy, woy, loy, doy, hoy, noy .
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Say three words such every bit go, canis familiaris, and frog , and ask your child which words sound the same rhyme.
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If your child has an like shooting fish in a barrel-to-rhyme proper name, ask her to say words that rhyme with information technology: Jill—bill, manufactory, fill, hill .
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If a computer is available, encourage your child to use information technology to play rhyming games. (For computer game suggestions, meet "Learning with Computers.")
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Match My Sounds
For children ages iii to 6
Listening for and saying sounds in words will assist your child to acquire that spoken words are fabricated up of sounds, which gets him ready to match spoken sounds to written letters—an of import first pace toward becoming a reader.
What Y'all Need
Books with nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, discussion games, or giddy songs
What to Do
The first activities in the list below work well with younger children. As your kid grows older, the later on activities allow him practise more. Just keep doing the first ones equally long as he enjoys them.
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Say your child's name, then accept him say words that begin with the same sound; for example: David—day, doll, dish; Jess—juice, jam, jar .
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As y'all read a story or poem, ask your child to mind for and say the words that begin with the same sound. Then accept him call up of and say another word that begins with the audio.
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Read or say a familiar nursery rhyme such equally "Humpty, Dumpty." Then have your child make it "Bumpty, Lumpty" or "Thumpty, Gumpty."
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Help your child to make upward and say dizzy lines with lots of words that outset with the same audio, such as, "Sister saw half-dozen silly snakes."
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Say two names for an animal, and tell your child to choose the name that begins with the same sound equally the animal's proper name. Ask, for instance, should a horse's proper noun be Hank or Tank? Should a pig be Mattie or Patty? Should a zebra be Zap or Cap?
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Accept a Bow!
For children ages 3 to 6
When your kid acts out a poem or story, she shows her own agreement of what it is well-nigh. She also grows every bit a reader past connecting emotions with written words.
What You Need
Poems or stories written from a child's point of view
Things to utilize in a child'due south play (dress-up wearing apparel, puppets)
What to Do
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Read a poem slowly to your child. Read it with feeling, making the words seem of import.
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If your child has a poem she especially likes, ask her to act information technology out. Ask her to make a face to testify the way the grapheme in the verse form is feeling. Making different faces adds emotion to the performer'southward voice. Subsequently her performance, praise her for doing a expert chore.
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Tell your child that the family unit would love to see her perform her poem. Set a time when everyone tin can be together. When your child finishes her performance, encourage her to accept a bow as anybody claps and cheers loudly.
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Encourage your child to brand upwardly her own play from a story that she has read or heard. Tell her that information technology can be make-believe or from existent life. Assistance her to observe or make things to go with the story—a pretend crown, stuffed animals, a broomstick, or whatever the story needs. Some of her friends or family unit also tin can help. Y'all can write down the words or, if she is old plenty, help her to write them. Then assistance her to phase the play for everyone to see!
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Family Stories
For children ages 3 to half dozen
Telling family stories lets your child know about the people who are important to him. They too give him an idea of how i thing leads to another in a story.
What to Do
The first activities in the list beneath piece of work well with younger children. Every bit your child grows older, the later activities let him do more. Simply keep doing the showtime ones every bit long as he enjoys them.
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Tell your child stories about your parents and grandparents or about others who are special to you and your family unit. You might put these stories in a book and add old photographs.
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Recollect out loud about when y'all were little. Make a story out of something that happened, such equally a family trip, a birthday party, or when you lost your showtime tooth.
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Accept your child tell you stories about what he did on special days, such as holidays, birthdays, and family vacations.
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If you go on a trip, write a trip journal with your child to make a new family story. Take photographs of special events. Writing down special events and pasting photographs of the events in the journal will tie the family story to a written history. Y'all can too include everyday trips, such as going to the grocery shop or the park.
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Write On!
For children ages 3 to 6
Reading and writing support each other. The more your child does of each, the better she will exist at both.
What You lot Need
Pencils, crayons, or markers
Yarn or ribbon
Writing newspaper or notebook
Cardboard or heavy newspaper
Construction paper
Safety scissors
What to Do
The first activities in the list below piece of work well with younger children. As your child grows older, the later activities let her do more. Just proceed doing the first ones as long every bit she enjoys them.
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Write with your child. She will learn a lot nigh writing by watching you write. Talk with her about your writing so that she begins to understand that writing means something and has many uses.
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Have your preschooler use her style of writing—perhaps just a scribble—to sign altogether cards or make lists.
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Hang a family message board in the kitchen. Offer to write notes there for your child. Exist sure that she finds notes left there for her.
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Ask your preschooler to tell you unproblematic stories equally y'all write them down. Question her if yous don't empathise something.
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Encourage your preschooler to write her name and exercise writing it with her. Recollect, at beginning she may employ just the offset letter or two of her name.
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Help your child write notes or east-mails to relatives and friends to give thanks them for gifts or to share her thoughts. Encourage the relatives and friends to answer your kid.
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When she is in kindergarten, your kid will brainstorm to write words the way that she hears them. For example, she might write haf for take , frn for friend , and Frd for Fred . Enquire her to read her writing to you. Don't be concerned with correct spelling. She volition learn that later.
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As your child gets older, she tin begin to write or tell yous longer stories. Ask questions that will help her organize the stories. Answer questions about alphabet messages and spelling.
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Plow your child's writing into books. Paste her drawings and writings on pieces of construction paper. For each volume, make a cover out of heavier paper or cardboard, and so add special art, a title, and her name every bit author. Punch holes in the pages and cover and bind the book together with yarn or ribbon.
All of the activities discussed and so far offering a rich experience for children equally they build their language skills. Just y'all can do fifty-fifty more to support your child'southward learning.
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